peters



C. N- PETERS. PHOTOMTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D

WALTER PAYTO-N, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 73,830, dated January 28, 1868.

IMPROVED LAIHE FOR TURNING IRREGULAIt-GURVED FORMS.

@tige Stimuli marit tu in tlgtse t-fritas tteut mit mating gmt ni tige sente;

TO ALL TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WALTER PAYTON, of 70 Sewardstone Road, Victoria Park, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting or Planing Curved Forms with progressively varying radii and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My improvements relate to apparatus by which the correct cutting or planing of curved forms of progressively varying radii is facilitated, and when two of such forms are required to work together, by which their correct relative forms may be secured.

But that the invention may be fully understoochl will, by the aid of the accompanying drawings, proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying the same into effect.

Descrz'ptz'oniof the Drawings.

ln order correctly to cut or form such vanes, I employ the following apparatus: The vanes of each axis are placed upon separate revolving bearings, between which is placed a slide-rest with supports for cutting-tools capable of adjustment. Upon each of these revolving bearings is applied a toothed wheel, formed with a pro jecting 'edge or rim, each of which is taken into by a separate click or driver; and each of these clicks or drivers is carried by 'a separate arm from a separate hollow axis, each carrying a toothed wheel. Each of these hollow axes enclcses a revolving bearing, which bearings are geared together, and the teethioi` one toothed wheel of each hollow axis gear into those of the other hollow axis, whilst the teeth of the other toothed wheel of eachaxis take into the teeth of racks in a reciprocating frame, in the to-and-fro motion of which an intermittent rotary motion is communicated to the rotary bearings, and the vanes carried thereby. Stops hold the parts of the revolving bearings during the return motion. This reciprocating frame has also applied to it an inclined bar, which is adjustable; and passes through or governs the motion of the support to the cutting-tools, to cause such support tb travel to and fro in a transverse direction. The slide-rest is adjustable, and thus whilst one cutter is cutting that portion of a vane nearest its axis, another cutter is cutting the portion of another vane furthest from its axis, and progressively changing. The support to the cutters on this slide-rest is also capable of progressive motion across each vane.

Figure 1 shows a side view,

Figure 2 an end view, and

Figure 3 a longitudinal section of apparatus' arranged to act according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows an opposite end view of the same apparatus, with some or" the parts removed, in order that other ofthe parts may be more clearly seen.

Figure 5 is a transverse section.

Fignies Gand 7 are side and end views, showing some of the parts only.

In each of these figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts,

A is the table of the machine; A1, supporting legs; B is the main or driving-axis, which is supported so as to revolve in the stationary bearings A2, carried by the framing A. On this axis B is aixed the pulley B1, with varying speeds, to receive a strap/or band from a steamengine or other suitable power. 1?2 is a ly-wheel, ,also affixed to this axis to equalize'its motion. On the opposite end of this axis Bis aiiixed the plate C, with a dove-tail groove, O1, to receive a sliding plate, O, capable of adjustment, as shown, in order to vary the extentI of motion to the pin O, carried by the plate Chaud the extent of motion imparted by that pin O, and thc connecting-rod D, to the arm E at cach revolution of' the axis-B. The connecting-rod D is connected to the arm E by a pin, D', and the arm Eis aixed on a rockingshat`t,E1, which is supported to make partial reta -tions,`or rock in the bearings A3 carried by the plate A, and thence te give motion to the various parts, as will presently more clearly appear'. I

Suppose it be desired to cut or form truly two series of vancs to work together, then these axes with their vanos will be aflixed on separate mandrels 2 e, and applicchone to one of the two axes F, and the other to the other oi' those axes F, in position ,to be acted upon by cutters G, carried by the travellingtable H, and they Vare fixed on the ends ofthe axes F F in such manner that one cutter may .commence to cut across the surface of' rateo a vane, b', of an axis axed on a mandrel carried by one-axis Fat its smaller diameter, and progressively outwards, whilst the other'cntterwill act to cut across a vane, b", of :mother axis aixedon a mandrel, e, carried by the end of the other axis F at its larger diameter, and progressively to its smaller'diameter, and so on with each of them in pairs. For this purpose the axes F F have progressive step by step rotary motion given te them, whilst the cutters have a corresponding motion given to them, in a direction to,cut across the vancs to and fro, and a progressive sideway motion after each of such cross-cuts and previous to a fresh cut. Motion to the axes F F is obtained in the following manner: Upon the axis E is affixed an arm, I, which by pin-joint I1 is connected to the rod I2, which by pin-joint Isis connected to the `slide-I4, with capability of Yadjustment on, and of being fixed as required by the set-screw I5 to the lever-arm IG. The lever-arm l is fixed on the shaft I7, carried by the bearings 18, upon which shaft I7 is also alixed the arm 19, which at its other end is by pin-joint 11 conneeted'to one end of the connecting-rod I, the other endof which is by pin-joint :[12 connected to one end of the lever-arm 113, which turns freely upon the boss of the wheel J, and at its` otherl end carries a click or driver, I1", which takes into the teeth of the ratchet-wheel J aiixed on the axis J1, which is supported so as to turn freely in fixed bearings carried lby the standard A4 from the table A. Upon this axis J1 is also affixed a worm, J2, which takes into the worm-wheel J3 affixed en the shaft J4. J1u is a handle atiixed to the axis J1, for the purpose of turning that axis J1, and parts connected therewith, in order that the parts generally may be readily brought into position for starting the machine, or otherwise.

In order to provide for wear and consequent looseness between the teeth of the wheels J2 and J3, and to give facility for tightening in the event of such wear, the wheel J3 is divided in the direction of the line Ji, fig. 1, into two parts, which are held correctly, with capability of adjustment in relation to each other by setscrews. In the event of any looscness, from wear or otherwise, .between the teeth of these wheels J2 and J3, by turning one part of the wheel J3 slightly on the other, 'any degree of tightening'dsired may be obtained. K is a click tottake into the teeth ofthe ratchet-wheel J, and prevent back'motion thereto. On the axis J" is affixed the plate J5 with adjustable stud J, capable of being shifted on that plateJ, and set as required. This stud J6 receives one end of a connecting-rod, J7, the other end of which is receivedion to a pin, JS, carried by the plate J9, in order that a progressive vertical motion may be imparted to the plate J9, first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, in the step by step rotary motion of theplatc J5. The plate J9 is held in the vertical standard A, but with capability of vertical motion therein. To the plate Jg arc also aixed two racks, L L. The teeth of one of these racks take into the teeth of a pinion, L1, affixed on the hollow'shaft or axis L, capable of revolving on one of the shafts F, and the teeth ofthe other rack, L, take into thevtecth of a pinion, L1, ziixed on the hollow shaft or axis L2, which is capable of revolving on the shaft or axis F. Upon each of these hollow shafts or axes is alsol aiiixed a toothed wheel, L3,'the teeth of which take into each other. Upon each hollow shaft, L2, is also applied an arm, L4, carrying each a stud, L5, upon which is formed a click or driver, L, and also a square block, L ,uwhich is acted upon by aspring, LXX, to keep 'the'click in position. The outer ends .of these clicks are capable of acting in recesses L7, formed for them in rims F1, formed respectively in wheels F2 affixed, one on each of the axes E, soras to impart a step by step rotary motion simultaneously to the two shafts F F, and consequentlyto mandrels z e and vanes b', for the time applied at the ends of such axes or shafts F F. LS are clicks, the end of each of which on the return motion ofthe clicks L6, passes into a recess, L7, to prevent/back motion to the wheels FZ. The to-and-fro motion is obtained to the cutters to enable them to. cut across the vanes, by means of an arm, M, affixed to the axis E', and risingup to between lugs on the under side ofthe slide H, which is capable of movement in guides N N, formed on or aiixed'tto the plate N1, which is supported, with capability of transverse motion, between the V-guidcs N2 N2, carried by the'standard A7. This plate, N1, is formed to receive a pin, N3, from a plate, N4, which lembraces the two edges of the inclined bar N5, carried by the plate J9, and which is capable of being set at dierent angles, and held by set-screws NG on the plate J9 by whieh, in the step by step up or down motion of the plate J9, a step by step motion will be imparted to the plate N1 and to the cutters G, in one or the other direction, depending upon the direction of motion forthe time ofthe plate J9. o

The table H carries the cutters G in the following manner: Upon the table H is applied the carrier G*, which supports, with capability of movement, the tool-holders G1 G2, carrying the cutters G. The tool-holders G1 G2 are formed with projecting heads G3 G3, which, when the cutters G are being carried forward, come against the parts G" G* of the carrier G*, and hold the cutters rmly in position, but after the cutters G have finished cutting, and are being carried backwards ready for a fresh cut, the tool-holders carrying the cutters G, may, in the event of the-cutters coming in contact with the work under operation, be enabled to turn freely and allow of the cutters moving and passing freely over the work. These tool-holders G1 G2, as shown, are formed cylindrical, und fit into correspondingly-formed openings in the carrier G*, and at their ends, G5, are tapped to receive screws G, carried by the wheels G7, by turning either one or both of which, in one or other direction, the tool-holders G1 and G2, with their cutters G, will be drawn nearer to or further from each/other, as may be required, in order to` cut or plane vanes of larger or smaller diameters, or to adjust the position of one of the cutters in relation to the other. 1lhe screws G are formed with square heads at the part where they are connected to the wheels G7, and they are held rmly in position by screws, and they are by preference cut left-handed, in order thatwhen the to-cl-holders G1 G2 are caused to make a partial rotation, to allow of the cutters moving out of the way of the work in their backward motion, the tool-holders and the cutters carried by them 'may be drawn slightly inwards out of theway of that part of the work to be next cut or planed. The wheels G are formed with notches or recesses G5, into which stops G9 are pressed by springs G1, in order to prevent those wheels, G7, revolving except when they are released by the attendant withdrawing the stops G9, by means of the handles G11. G12 G12 are springs applied to the projecting heads G3 G3, to bring back the cutters when they have been moved out of position during their backward motion. Gr G13 are recesses tol receive screws for holding the carrier G* correctly in position on the table H.

Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17, shor the carrier Gi, and parts connected therewith, separately, full size. v

Thetransvcise motions of the cutters will be imparted simultaneously, with a partial rotation of' the axes F, and the mandrel e acting for the time to carry vanes b1 b1, in order that after each motion of the cutters to or from the platehT across one of the vanes supported by each axis F, they may then move with these vanos a distance equal to that ofv a cut, so as to cut progressively the whole surface of each of those Yanes. O O are fixed standards with centres O1, adjustable by screws O2, to facilitatethe correct settingrand holding of thc mandrels z e on the ends ofthe axes F F.

Having thus' described my invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I 'would have it understood that I do not confine myselfI tothe precise details shown and described, as these may' be varied without departing from the peculiar character ofthe invention; but

What I do claim, is-t v 1. The combination and arrangement of devices herein set forth, for cutting or planing curved forms, when operating in manner substantially as described.

2. Also I claim the axes F F and L2 L2, when operated by rack and pinion L L and clicks L6 L, so as to give the desired progressive motions to the Work to be cut or planed, or to retain such work stationary during the return motion ofthe cutters, in -manner substantiallyas described.

3. Also I claim the arrangement of the cutters, soas to admit of their several adjustments and correct action in manner substantially as described.

4. And also I claim the method of imparting motion to the support N1 of the cutting-tool or tools, by an adju-stablearm, J, and parts acting therewith, in manner substantially as described.

In testimony Whereof`,1havc signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

- WALTER PAYTON.

Witnesses: v

ALFRED DoNNIsoN, JAMES E. NAYLOR, his Clerk, 

